ശാസ്ത്രഞ്ജന്മാരും അവരുടെ സംഭാവനകളും
Biologists, neuroscientists, and psychologists
Further information: Islamic psychological thought
Ibn Sirin (654–728), author of work on dreams and dream interpretation[22]
Al-Kindi (Alkindus), pioneer of psychotherapy and music therapy[23]
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, pioneer of psychiatry, clinical psychiatry and clinical psychology[24]
Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi, pioneer of mental health,[25]medical psychology, cognitive psychology, cognitive therapy, psychophysiology and psychosomatic medicine[26]
Al-Farabi (Alpharabius), pioneer of social psychology and consciousness studies[27]
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (Haly Abbas), pioneer of neuroanatomy, neurobiology and neurophysiology[27]
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), pioneer of neurosurgery[28]
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), founder of experimental psychology, psychophysics, phenomenology and visual perception[29]
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, pioneer of reaction time[30]
Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), pioneer of neuropsychiatry,[31]thought experiment, self-awareness and self-consciousness[32]
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), pioneer of neurology and neuropharmacology[28]
Averroes, pioneer of Parkinson's disease[28]
Ibn Tufail, pioneer of tabula rasa and nature versus nurture[33]
Mir Sajad, Neuroscientist and pioneer in neuroinflammation and neurogenesis.[34][35]
neuroscientists, and psychologists
Further information: Islamic psychological thought
Ibn Sirin (654–728), author of work on dreams and dream interpretation[22]
Al-Kindi (Alkindus), pioneer of psychotherapy and music therapy[23]
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, pioneer of psychiatry, clinical psychiatry and clinical psychology[24]
Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi, pioneer of mental health,[25]medical psychology, cognitive psychology, cognitive therapy, psychophysiology and psychosomatic medicine[26]
Al-Farabi (Alpharabius), pioneer of social psychology and consciousness studies[27]
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (Haly Abbas), pioneer of neuroanatomy, neurobiology and neurophysiology[27]
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), pioneer of neurosurgery[28]
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), founder of experimental psychology, psychophysics, phenomenology and visual perception[29]
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, pioneer of reaction time[30]
Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), pioneer of neuropsychiatry,[31]thought experiment, self-awareness and self-consciousness[32]
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), pioneer of neurology and neuropharmacology[28]
Averroes, pioneer of Parkinson's disease[28]
Ibn Tufail, pioneer of tabula rasa and nature versus nurture[33]
Mir Sajad, Neuroscientist and pioneer in neuroinflammation and neurogenesis.[34][35]
Physicians and surgeons
Main article: Muslim doctors
Further information: Islamic medicine
Khalid ibn Yazid (Calid)
Jafar al-Sadiq
Shapur ibn Sahl (d. 869), pioneer of pharmacy and pharmacopoeia[36]
Al-Kindi (Alkindus) (801-873), pioneer of pharmacology[37]
Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman) (810-887)
Al-Jahiz, pioneer of natural selection
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, pioneer of medical encyclopedia[24]
Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi
Ishaq bin Ali al-Rahwi (854–931), pioneer of peer review and medical peer review[38]
Al-Farabi (Alpharabius)
Ibn Al-Jazzar (circa 898-980)
Abul Hasan al-Tabari - physician
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari - physician
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (d. 994), pioneer of obstetrics and perinatology[39]
Abu Gaafar Amed ibn Ibrahim ibn abi Halid al-Gazzar (10th century), pioneer of dental restoration[40]
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) - father of modern surgery, and pioneer of neurosurgery,[28]craniotomy,[39]hematology[41] and dental surgery[42]
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen), pioneer of eye surgery, visual system[43] and visual perception[44]
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
Avicenna (Ibn Sina) (980-1037) - father of modern medicine,[45] founder of Unani medicine,[41] pioneer of experimental medicine, evidence-based medicine, pharmaceutical sciences, clinical pharmacology,[46]aromatherapy,[47]pulsology and sphygmology,[48] and also a philosopher
Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, physician of Unani medicine
Ibn Miskawayh
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar) - father of experimental surgery,[49] and pioneer of experimental anatomy, experimental physiology, human dissection, autopsy[50] and tracheotomy[51]
Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
Ibn Tufail (Abubacer)
Averroes
Ibn al-Baitar
Ibn Jazla
Nasir al-Din Tusi
Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), father of circulatory physiology, pioneer of circulatory anatomy,[52] and founder of Nafisian anatomy, physiology,[53]pulsology and sphygmology[54]
Ibn al-Quff (1233–1305), pioneer of embryology[39]
Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī
Ibn al-Khatib (1313–1374)
Mansur ibn Ilyas
Saghir Akhtar - pharmacist
Syed Ziaur Rahman, pharmacologist
Toffy Musivand
Muhammad B. Yunus, the "father of our modern view of fibromyalgia"[55]
Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, pioneer of biomedical research in space[56][57]
Hulusi Behçet, known for the discovery of Behçet's disease
Gazi Yaşargil, the founder of microneurosurgery
Ibrahim B. Syed - radiologist
Mehmet Öz, cardiothoracic surgeon
Abdul Qayyum Rana, Neurologist known for his work on Parkinson's disease
Biologists, neuroscientists, and psychologists
Further information: Islamic psychological thought
Ibn Sirin (654–728), author of work on dreams and dream interpretation[22]
Al-Kindi (Alkindus), pioneer of psychotherapy and music therapy[23]
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, pioneer of psychiatry, clinical psychiatry and clinical psychology[24]
Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi, pioneer of mental health,[25]medical psychology, cognitive psychology, cognitive therapy, psychophysiology and psychosomatic medicine[26]
Al-Farabi (Alpharabius), pioneer of social psychology and consciousness studies[27]
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (Haly Abbas), pioneer of neuroanatomy, neurobiology and neurophysiology[27]
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), pioneer of neurosurgery[28]
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), founder of experimental psychology, psychophysics, phenomenology and visual perception[29]
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, pioneer of reaction time[30]
Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), pioneer of neuropsychiatry,[31]thought experiment, self-awareness and self-consciousness[32]
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), pioneer of neurology and neuropharmacology[28]
Averroes, pioneer of Parkinson's disease[28]
Ibn Tufail, pioneer of tabula rasa and nature versus nurture[33]
Mir Sajad, Neuroscientist and pioneer in neuroinflammation and neurogenesis.[34][35]
neuroscientists, and psychologists
Further information: Islamic psychological thought
Ibn Sirin (654–728), author of work on dreams and dream interpretation[22]
Al-Kindi (Alkindus), pioneer of psychotherapy and music therapy[23]
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, pioneer of psychiatry, clinical psychiatry and clinical psychology[24]
Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi, pioneer of mental health,[25]medical psychology, cognitive psychology, cognitive therapy, psychophysiology and psychosomatic medicine[26]
Al-Farabi (Alpharabius), pioneer of social psychology and consciousness studies[27]
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (Haly Abbas), pioneer of neuroanatomy, neurobiology and neurophysiology[27]
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), pioneer of neurosurgery[28]
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), founder of experimental psychology, psychophysics, phenomenology and visual perception[29]
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, pioneer of reaction time[30]
Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), pioneer of neuropsychiatry,[31]thought experiment, self-awareness and self-consciousness[32]
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), pioneer of neurology and neuropharmacology[28]
Averroes, pioneer of Parkinson's disease[28]
Ibn Tufail, pioneer of tabula rasa and nature versus nurture[33]
Mir Sajad, Neuroscientist and pioneer in neuroinflammation and neurogenesis.[34][35]
Physicians and surgeons
Main article: Muslim doctors
Further information: Islamic medicine
Khalid ibn Yazid (Calid)
Jafar al-Sadiq
Shapur ibn Sahl (d. 869), pioneer of pharmacy and pharmacopoeia[36]
Al-Kindi (Alkindus) (801-873), pioneer of pharmacology[37]
Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman) (810-887)
Al-Jahiz, pioneer of natural selection
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, pioneer of medical encyclopedia[24]
Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi
Ishaq bin Ali al-Rahwi (854–931), pioneer of peer review and medical peer review[38]
Al-Farabi (Alpharabius)
Ibn Al-Jazzar (circa 898-980)
Abul Hasan al-Tabari - physician
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari - physician
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (d. 994), pioneer of obstetrics and perinatology[39]
Abu Gaafar Amed ibn Ibrahim ibn abi Halid al-Gazzar (10th century), pioneer of dental restoration[40]
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) - father of modern surgery, and pioneer of neurosurgery,[28]craniotomy,[39]hematology[41] and dental surgery[42]
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen), pioneer of eye surgery, visual system[43] and visual perception[44]
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
Avicenna (Ibn Sina) (980-1037) - father of modern medicine,[45] founder of Unani medicine,[41] pioneer of experimental medicine, evidence-based medicine, pharmaceutical sciences, clinical pharmacology,[46]aromatherapy,[47]pulsology and sphygmology,[48] and also a philosopher
Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, physician of Unani medicine
Ibn Miskawayh
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar) - father of experimental surgery,[49] and pioneer of experimental anatomy, experimental physiology, human dissection, autopsy[50] and tracheotomy[51]
Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
Ibn Tufail (Abubacer)
Averroes
Ibn al-Baitar
Ibn Jazla
Nasir al-Din Tusi
Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), father of circulatory physiology, pioneer of circulatory anatomy,[52] and founder of Nafisian anatomy, physiology,[53]pulsology and sphygmology[54]
Ibn al-Quff (1233–1305), pioneer of embryology[39]
Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī
Ibn al-Khatib (1313–1374)
Mansur ibn Ilyas
Saghir Akhtar - pharmacist
Syed Ziaur Rahman, pharmacologist
Toffy Musivand
Muhammad B. Yunus, the "father of our modern view of fibromyalgia"[55]
Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, pioneer of biomedical research in space[56][57]
Hulusi Behçet, known for the discovery of Behçet's disease
Gazi Yaşargil, the founder of microneurosurgery
Ibrahim B. Syed - radiologist
Mehmet Öz, cardiothoracic surgeon
Abdul Qayyum Rana, Neurologist known for his work on Parkinson's disease
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